TonyTheTiger20
#SOAR
Re: 2013-2014 Women's D-I PairWise Contentions and Affirmations
Wow that's really interesting. Why doesn't USCHO give some kind of explanation like this? I like reading about how rankings work as much as I like looking at the rankings themselves --I'll try to explain some of the basics of KRACH. I'm going to do so in a way that I think gets the conceptual point across though it may end up somewhat misleading as to the actual mathematical calculations used, so don't quote it if you want to talk about the math.
The underlying principle is that every team has a rating and that you can calculate the implied probability of each team winning. (I'm going to ignore ties because essentially that's what KRACH does; a tie is considered half of a win and half of a loss and just added to those totals.)
You start out giving each team the same rating; I think USCHO's calculation uses 100 as the opening rating but it doesn't really matter what value you use; what is important is the ratios of the ratings and you'll end up with the same ratios no matter what starting value you use.
You then look at every game that has been played to date; this process of evaluating games rather than season records is one of the things that makes KRACH very different from RPI. You calculate the probability of either team winning each game; obviously in the first calculation every team will have a 0.5 probability of winning each game since the ratings are the same. Conceptually what happens is that each win increases a team's rating by an amount proportional to the difference between 1 and their probability to win the game. Conversely, every loss decreases a team's rating by the difference between their probability of winning and 0. (This is where I'm bending the math out of recognition; this isn't the actual process but the effect is pretty much the same.)
Once you've run every game played through this process you have a new set of ratings for every team. These will not be correct, or at least the likelihood that they are correct is vanishingly small. So you go through the whole process again to get a new set of ratings. And so on. You stop when the new set of ratings is identical to the previous set to whatever degree of precision you desire; USCHO uses four decimal places.
So a win never hurts your rating and a loss never helps because you don't have a "strength of schedule" component in the calculations; the rankings of SoS are derived after the ratings are determined, not before. If you beat a bad team, it just means that the difference between 1 and your probability of winning is very small, so there is little advantage in the ratings. Conversely, the system expected you to lose to Minnesota so it doesn't lower your rating very much when you do.