Re: climate change times are a changin'
Every moral and ethical person "ought to" feel a responsibility to help those less fortunate. However, "those less fortunate" do not have a "right" to receive that help.
At least we have reached the core distinction -- is the preservation of existence a human right that governments can use coercive means to achieve? Liberals say yes, conservatives say no. Conservatives have no problem with coercive means in other circumstances, such as the protection of property, the punishment of crime, or the security of the state, so this is not a disagreement about means, but ends. There actually are anarchists who are completely consistent and take your view to its reductio ad absurdum that no coercive means is ever legitimate. Bakunin and Proudhon have left the building, but their writings are bracing and even have the taste of truth about them. At first.
I do think you have placed the target well, in any case. On both the merits and in terms of the sheer practicality of maintaining a society with a sufficient popular buy-in not to self-destruct, I think you are utterly incorrect.
There was a time in the 19th century when the system of rights and law did reflect your attitude, and Anatole France took it down with one quip: "The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal bread."
Nothing privileges either your or my viewpoint on this. It is ultimately a political negotiation between the members of society that determines what rights are. Since the 1920s most members of western democracies have been of my opinion, though there have always and will always also be people of yours.